Evaluatin of Feasibility of Financial Stability in Increasingly Essay

Evaluatin of Feasibility of Financial Stability in Increasingly Globalized Economy - Essay Example There comes an inquiry whether the current expanding pattern of globalization is driving the nations towards budgetary soundness or not, is yet to investigate. This article basically talks about the inquiry in the case of expanding globalization coordinates the money related dependability in detail with the two contentions in favor just as against of this inquiry. This article is organized in such a way, that it is separated into four significant parts to such an extent that the principal segment accentuates on the idea of globalization followed by second area which portrays wonder of money related solidness. Third segment of this article gives contentions for the explanation that expanding globalization helps with increasing progressively money related dependability followed by the last area which gives inverse contentions in inconsistency of that announcement. End will prompt a finish of this conversation. Globalization The term globalization has various implications and various tr anslations yet here its importance is taken as the marvel because of which the people have come nearer to one another past their topographical limits. Today, if any individual whether an individual or a nation needs to build up a type of relationship with other person, that choice isn't even in his/her ability to such an extent that every other individual have held hands and turned into a unit. So in the event that, if an individual attempts to be disconnected and autonomous from others, this chance has gotten very uncommon. On the off chance that this idea of globalization is seen on a more extensive level regarding the universal relations created among various nations of the world, a significant pattern can be seen to such an extent that progressively visit changes have developed as the countries are warmly greeting each other notwithstanding of having the most exceedingly terrible recorded encounters. The current pattern which is profoundly embraced by the nations just as driving towards an inexorably globalized society is the unification of various sorts of square on various premise (Greenidge, 2008). These squares are created because of some common interests of the nations to such an extent that various foundations set up for the nations to grow such squares. For example, oil creating nations have built up their own square and choose according to their own inclinations about the creation and flexibly of oil. Additionally, a few nations set up a square for their shared monetary intrigue like the instance of European Union. There are squares which are created because of common safeguard related interests for the security of those nations. So more or less, the most significant purpose for current development of rise of globalization is the expanding example of working up different sorts of squares dependent on the shared interests of the member nations (Greenidge, 2008). Budgetary Stability The idea of money related soundness alludes to the monetary conditio n whether on an individual degree of a nation or on worldwide premise with the end goal that the members of that condition feel certain in regards to the estimation of their financial and monetary assets (Rahn, 2010). Fundamentally, it is the certainty level of the individuals or nations that bring budgetary dependability into that specific locale. On the off chance that the individuals or establishments are

Continetal drift theory Essays -- essays research papers fc

Mainland Drift, the hypothesis that landmasses move gradually about the world's surface, changing their positions comparative with each other and to the shafts of the earth. In the past the hypothesis has been examined however not for the most part acknowledged, most geologists accepting the landmasses to be fixed set up and subject just to vertical developments, for example, those saw during mountain elevate. As of late, be that as it may, a sound assemblage of proof on the side of a changed type of the float hypothesis has been found. Thoughts are getting exact and brought together, with accentuation on a moving, advancing sea floor. The new hypothesis is called plate tectonics. Not long after the Atlantic Ocean had been mapped, around 300 years prior, it was seen that the contrary coasts had comparable shapes, however it was not until the center of the nineteenth century that precise maps were distributed exhibiting that the two coasts could be fitted together intently. A few geologists at that point proposed that the attack of the coasts was not a mishap - that the mainlands were once joined and had in this manner floated separated. None of the proposals were paid attention to. Â Â Â Â Â In 1912, be that as it may, the German meteorologist Alfred Wegener explored the attack of the Atlantic drifts more cautiously than had his antecedents and assembled all the landmasses into one extraordinary land mass, which he called Pangaea. He guessed that the mass started to break separated around 200 million years back. He likewise demonstrated that some topographical highlights on the contrary drifts could have fitted together, and that there were many striking similitudes between the fossil plants and reptiles on the contrary drifts, especially the banks of Africa and South America. On the off chance that the landmasses were pushed together, the geographical, fossil, and different lines of proof would combine precisely in the manner that lines of print on a torn paper would join when the paper was reassembled. Wegener likewise brought up that old climatic zones appeared to have lain in better places from the current zones. He called attention to that where incre dible ice sheets have dissolved in ongoing geographical occasions in Scandinavia and North America, the land is ascending as quick as a centimeter a year. This vertical elevate, he stated, requires flat inflow of issue underneath and infers that stream and movement do happen inside the earth. Â Â Â Â Â We... ...a secluded mainland. Â Â Â Â Â Although Wegener and Du Toit suggested that the crude mainlands started to separate around 200 million years prior, there is a lot of proof that float started some time before at that point, and that mainland squares have gradually been moving about the world's surface all through a lot of geographical time. It appears that before the mainlands floated separated and opened up the Atlantic, they had floated together and quit for the day sooner sea. Somewhere else where mainlands appear to have chanced upon one another and accumulated mountains between them is the Himalayas, which may have been created when the Indian Peninsula withdrew itself from Gondwanaland and continuously floated into Asia Book index  Daley, Robert B. 1986 An investigation of an evolving planet; CEBCO Publishing co. p.418  Bartolini, Annachiara and Larson, Roger L; 2001 Pacific microplate and the Pangea supercontinent in the Early to Middle Jurassic; Geology, Aug2001, Vol. 29 Issue 8, p735-39  Anderson, Don L 2001. Top-Down Tectonics; Science, 9/14/2001, Vol. 293 Issue 5537, p2016-18  http://www.geo.cornell.edu/geography/classes/Geo101/101week6_s01.html

Tips For Writing College Essays

Tips For Writing College Essays The essay portion of a college application is the prospective students best friend and worst enemy. It is simultaneously the  scariest and most exciting part of the application, because it gives students the chance to add some of their own personal voice into the application. And, yeah, thats overwhelming. But its  also awesome. When I was writing my college applications, I purposely avoided writing any essays for as long as possible, because I just did not know what I was supposed to say. I was sure that there must be a secret message hidden behind the essay prompts; that universities were actually giving me a test disguised by a question about my greatest achievements. I had to pass that test; I had to figure out exactly what they wanted me to say. Or else I would definitely be rejected. As it turns out, I was wrong. There is no secret test that universities are giving their applicants;  there is nothing hidden in between the lines of the essay prompts. In actuality, they are asking exactly what they want  students  to answer. They want to hear about your experiences and talents and likes and dislikes and what makes you you.  They really, genuinely care. Write about something you care about. That being said, there are some tips to keep in mind when writing your college essays. The people that are reading your essay are reading  a lot  of essays, so  you want to write something that makes you stand out. Dont list out your awards and extracurricularsâ€"theyve already seen that on your application. The essay is your chance to really wow the admissions committee. Write about something that matters. They dont want to read something written by your mom, or your counselor, or your English teacher. They want something that comes from you. They can tell when youre writing something fake; something that youre not passionate about. Write about something youre invested in. I wrote about my hair.  I couldnt think of anything particularly special about myself, and I worried that the colleges I was applying to wouldnt see anything special about me either. But, I realized that I didnt have to travel the world or overcome a life-changing injury or publish a book in order to be special, or to be accepted into college. Write about something that  makes  you special. Give your essay some serious thought. Sit down, clear your mind, and  think about how you want to present yourself. Dont think about how you  think  they  want you to present yourself, because youll inevitably write something inadequate. Write something important. You can do this. Emma Class of 2018 I’m majoring in English in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences with a minor in Secondary Education. I’m from the northern suburbs of Chicago. I adore Shakespeare and Dickens and all things nerdy, but I also have a soft spot for Netflix, popcorn, and fuzzy blankets.

What Is the Genre of Woyzeck - 1640 Words

By examining what is meant by the concept of theatrical ‘genre’, how would you characterize the genre of Woyzeck? Today, whenever somebody is asked to think of a typical Tragedy, his or her immediate answer would be; Hamlet, Othello, Macbeth, possibly even King Lear. This is because these plays constitute what is conventionally known as a Tragedy. They mostly follow the conventions outlined in Aristotle’s Poetics, and have characteristics recognisable of a Tragedy, for example, the tragic hero being of upper class or noble background, and the tragic hero’s actions leading to inevitable consequences. As Buchner’s Woyzeck does not solely fit into this template, its genre can be deemed as a little confusing. However, Woyzeck is undoubtedly a†¦show more content†¦This is certainly true of Woyzeck, as Woyzeck himself does all that he can to earn money for Marie and his child. He bears all the scientific experiments for the love of Marie, facing the humiliations of the Doctor and the Officer, and because of this the audience regard Woyzeck as a character that is inherentl y good. On finding out that Marie has had an affair, Woyzeck’s world, meaningful only through his love, breaks down, and consequently we cannot help but feel immense pity for him, even though he does kill Marie. The most important element of a tragic drama to Aristotle was the idea of Catharsis, and so if we are to follow Aristotle’s views of tragedy, then because of these â€Å"incidents arousing pity and fear† in us, then Woyzeck is undoubtedly a Tragedy. There are however some aspects to Woyzeck that make characterizing it as a tragedy slightly difficult. Traditionally within tragedies the tragic hero is of noble stature and has greatness, as common people did not interest Aristotle. It is evident to the audience however, that Woyzeck is from a working class background. In Scene 6 when Woyzeck is shaving the Officer, Woyzeck repeatedly states that he is poor, â€Å"Poor, that’s what we are.† â€Å"You see, us common folk,† â€Å"

Reflection on Self as a Cultural Being Essay - 1554 Words

Reflection on Self as a Cultural Being I would say I am around this area, I am learning Greek currently, and in High school I took four years of Japanese. Our language influences us greatly; here in the Midwest most of us here take for granted that English is the primarily spoken language. Other parts of the U.S. are not like that. Such as in Texas there are whole communities that speak Spanish. In those places I know that I would totally lost, not even know how to ask anything basic. I feel that because English is so vastly commonplace in this area of the country that makes many people lazy and not even attempt to learn any other languages. I myself have a hunger to learn languages, and that has made me go out of my way to†¦show more content†¦I have always been more of an unpopular bookworm. Sports never interested me either, and being sensitive was never a valuable thing when viewed culturally. The only emotion that males are suppose to show in the culture is that of anger. Since those culturally desi red qualities were not present I have been made fun of all of my life. On many occasions I have been labeled as homosexual even, just because I wasnt as manly as everyone else. I have a friend back home that is going to school to be a nurse. He has been given a lot of hardship, just because the simple fact that he wants to help people, and to do this he is learning to be a nurse. In the US being a nurse, secretary, or jobs that are normally considered to be primarily feminine jobs is a tough road, because of the way society will look at you. Also when dealing with women, most guys out there are just sex hungry, so when a sensitive man comes along wanting to get to know them as a person, women can not believe that it is true. So many guys that want to treat a lady right will be turned down because of the hardship women have gone through with the wrong guys. Ethnicity/Race: Naming This is an area in which I am just now starting to really look more deeply into. I know that Caucasians in our society are the dominating race. Unlike minorities in this society, as a white person I had just gone with the flow never really analyzing how being white affected others, and how it gave meShow MoreRelatedCulture Is A Way Of Learning Things1065 Words   |  5 Pagespolicy makers. The Cultural competence defines the power of providers and organizations to deliver effective services to patients, in order to fulfil the needs of patients with social, cultural, and linguistic issues. Therefore, a culturally competent health care system can help improve health outcomes and quality of care. As a result this can contribute to the abolition of racial and ethnic health disparities. A person’s values, beliefs, and behaviors about health and well-being are created by differentRead MoreSuffering Is A Universal Phenomenon That Nobody Can Escape1750 Words   |  7 Pagesdaily lives†, it is often ignored in the conversation of happiness because happiness and suffering are perceived to be polar opposite states of being. (Ricard 35). Scholars would argue that one is simply the absence of the other. Stoic philosophers emphasize the importance of enduring suffering, suggesting that suffering does not impact happiness outside of being an obstacle. However, other scholars would argue that suffering is involved in the integral process of achieving happiness implying that sufferingRead MoreTransformative Learning Theory : The Importance Of Planetary Consciousness Essay1641 Words   |  7 Pagesrealization, reflection, discourse, and active pursuit of change. This process requires significant effort for the individual and requires deep critical reflection into personal belief systems, inflicted views from childhood, and questioning knowledge. The presented literature explores the origins of transformative learning theory, the importance of a strong planetary context, and further examples of the application of this theory. Keywords: transformative learning theory, reflection, self-reflection, symbolsRead MoreInvestigating My Personal Experience Through A Narrative Generated Through Photographic Texts939 Words   |  4 Pagesthis methodology, this creative practice and reflection will also contribute for a more broad social reflection of humanity. Autoethnography ads the possibility to understand connections between the personal and also the cultural while also creates space for contemporary inquiry methods to be extended. In this autoethnographic text images I try to explore the more recent developments in authoethnography as a research method and also to photo write my self as a qualitative researcher learning aboutRead MoreEthical Dilemmas Facing Social Work1619 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Reflection is a process of learning through and from self-analysis, self-evaluation, self-dialogue and self-observation towards gaining new possibilities for self-enhancement. In social work, this learning process is an integral part of applying theory to practice. With the growing influence of postmodernism, social workers also need to be prepared to recognise the eurocentric discourse that grounds and governs their disciplinary knowledge. It is against this background that I will reflectRead MoreMy Cultural Identity1173 Words   |  5 Pagesstill don’t know very well- ourselves.† Writing about my values has gave me a better understanding of who I am. I now understand the several ways my culture has shaped me to become who I am. My cultural autobiography will allow me to reveal who I truly am by understanding my cultural identity. My cultural identity is the combination of my worldview and values as well as my position in the eight microcultures. My worldview is that I get what I give. I believe I only get out what I putRead MoreCultural Awareness And Delivery Of Appropriate Care1392 Words   |  6 PagesCultural Autobiography Cultural Heritage As health care providers, it is imperative to acknowledge the relationship between cultural awareness and delivery of appropriate care. The first step in creating cultural awareness may begin by the health care provider assessing their own cultural heritage, and it’s views on health and wellness. Reflection on one’s cultural heritage requires knowledge and understanding of the concept of cultural heritage itself. When assessing my cultural heritage, IRead MoreCultural Awareness And Delivery Of Appropriate Care1388 Words   |  6 PagesCultural Heritage As health care providers, it is imperative to acknowledge the relationship between cultural awareness and delivery of appropriate care. The first step in creating cultural awareness may begin by the health care provider assessing their own cultural heritage, and it’s views on health and wellness. Reflection on one’s cultural heritage requires knowledge and understanding of the concept of cultural heritage itself. When assessing my cultural heritage, I first examined the factorsRead MoreCultural Competency and Cultural Humility in Nursing Practice1545 Words   |  7 PagesCultural Competency and Cultural Humility in Nursing Practice Lisa Watson UMASS Boston Online Professional Issues in Nursing NU 360 Ms. Carol Moran November 08, 2012 Abstract You may not like how the Presidential election turned out, but the victory of the Democrats was won partly by focusing on going after the Hispanic vote. The Hispanic population who voted for President Obama put him over the top to win. Hispanics identified with Obama. Somehow, he made a connection with thisRead MoreOrganizational Culture Inventory988 Words   |  4 Pagesdeal of emphasis on the sales aspect of the job and not enough on the customer service aspect. Thus, creating a highly competitive cultural environment where good customer service skills and work ethics become questionable. Current Culture The OCI revealed that Competitive is the primary style, Perfectionistic is the secondary style and Approval is the weakest cultural styles of the unit. These results imply that the unit is continually in competition with each other or other offices of the same

Home Free Essays

Employee Rewards Trip and Final Gala Celebration Itinerary Event planner :Claudia Cortez Day 1: Depart Detroit Airport, Arrive Las Vegas, Evening Group On-Own Activities Date: December 1st, 2013 2:30 pm Eastern Time Zone| Departure from Detroit Airport American Airlines (Lunch on Own) (4 hours and 28 minutes)| 4:00 pm Mountain Time Zone| ArArrArrsdfasdfgsad Arriv Arrive at the Las Vegas Airport and take Citizens Area Transit (CAT) bus system Phone: CAT-RIDE to hotelto Caesars Palace| 5:30 pm| Arrive at the Caesars Palace3570 S. Las Vegas Blvd. , Las Vegas, NV| 6:30 pm| Dinner on Own Individual Free Time| 9: 00 pm| Evening Group Activity VEGAS! THE SHOWPlanet HollywoodVenue: Saxe TheaterShow Time: 9pm (2 miles round trip transportation to destination from hotel and back) -Activity Description and Cost| 11:00 pm| Return to Hotel | | Total Travel Miles Airplane 30,000: CAT citizen Area Transit 30 miles| | Total Activity Fee $600 . We will write a custom essay sample on Home or any similar topic only for you Order Now 00| Day 2: Visit and Tour of Hoover Dam and Other Las Vegas Attractions, Group Dining Experience, Lodging in Las Vegas December 2, 2012 :00 am | Continental Breakfast at the Caesars Palace Hotel | 9:30 am | Departure to Hoover Dam ( 30 mile round trip transpirations to destination from hotel and back) – Activity Description and Cost| 10:00 am | Arrival at Hoover Dam and Tour –Adventure Float Trip a 30 minute trip aboard a Coast Guard approved large comfortable raft, allow unique views only available from the water of the Modern Marvel. | 11:30 am| Departure back to hotel | 12:30 pm| Group Dinning Experience at the Eiffel Tower Restaurant3655 Las Vegas Blvd S, Las Vegas, NV| 2- 7 pm | Free Time and Site Seeing | 8:00 pm| Group Activity House of Blues3950 S. Las Vegas Blvd. , Las Vegas, NVReturn to Hotel upon request| | Total Activity Fee: $300 : Travel CAT citizen Area Transit 20 miles | Days 3: Visit and Participate in Activities in Zion National Park and Springdale Utah, Lodging in Springdale December 3, 2013 10:00 am | Departure from Hotel to Sprindale Utah on Greyhound Bus (2 hours and 45 minutes)| 12:45 pm | Arrival and check in at hotel Bumbleberry Inn 97 Bumbleberry Lane P. O. Box 346 Springdale, UT 84767| 1:00pm | Lunch on Own| 2:00 pm | Visit the Zion History Museum with Shuttle System | 5:00 pm | Dinner at the Bumblerry Cottage Cafe with group| | Total Activity Fee $45| Days 4: Visit and Participate in Activities in Zion National Park and Springdale Utah, Lodging in Springdale December 3, 2013 8:30 am | Complimentary breakfast at the Bumbleberry Inn | 11:00 am | Check out of hotel | 11:30 am | Take Shuttle System to Zion National Park for Hiking Exhibition and Nature Tour | 12:30 pm | Lunch at the Zion National park on own | 2:00 pm | Departure to Bryce Canyon National Park Rubys Inn (1 hour and 52 minute )26 So Main, Bryce Canyon City, Utah 84764| | Total Activity Fee $20| Days 5: Visit and Participate in Activities in Bryce Canyon National Park and Ruby’s Inn December 5, 2013 :30 am| Complimentary breakfast at Ruby’s Inn | 10:00 am | Old Byce Town and Rock Shop | 12:00 pm | Lunch at the Cowboys Buffet and Steak Room| 3:00 pm| Guided ATV Tour Please bring bottled water, camera and scarf (for dust). Wear long pants or blue jeans and closed-toed shoes. | 5:00 pm | Dinner on Own Individual Free Time| | Activity fee $115/Person | Days 6: Visit and Participate in Activities in Bryce Canyon National Park and Ruby’s Inn December 6, 2013 8:30 am | Complimentary Breakfast at Ruby’s Inn | 0:30 am | Ruby’s Inn Horseback Riding Thunder Mountain Ride (Full day )| 12:00 pm | Lunch During Horseback Riding Included| 5:00 pm | Return to Ruby’s Inn| 6:00 pm | Group Dinning at Rubys Inn Canyon Dinner | | Total Activity Fee $ 250/person| Day 7:Return Las Vegas, Evening Gala Celebration December 7, 2012 8:30 am | Complimentary Breakfast at Ruby’s Inn | 11:00 am | Check Out and Departure to Las Vegas Nevada on Greyhound (3 hours and 59 minutes) (Lunch at a quick stop McDonalds, Dairy Queen, Panera at Rest Stop Exit 53)| 3:00 pm | Check In and Arrival at the Caesars Palace3570 S. Las Vegas Blvd. , Las Vegas, NV| 5:00 pm | Evening Gala Celebration at the Romano Room Caesars Palace | | Total Activity Fee $50| Day 8 : Depart Las Vegas, Arrive Detroit Airport, Return to Firm Location December 8, 2012 8:00 am | Complimentary Breakfast | 10:00 am | Check out and departure to Las Vegas International Airport with Citizen Area Transit (CAT-RIDE)| 11:30 am| Lunch at the Airport on your own | 12:30 pm Mountain Time Zone | Departure from Las Vegas Airport | 2:00 pm Easter Time Zone | Arrival at Detroit Airport (4 hours and 23 mintues)| | Return to Firm Location | Expense ItemEstimated Cost Transportation (Firm Location to Airport)$ ___300____ Round Trip Airfare (Ticket Cost x 20 Participants)$ __13,400__ Rental Vehicles (2 Full-Size 15-Passenger Vans)$ ___620____ Gas (Total Trip Miles x 2 x $4. 25 Projected Gas Price)$ ____500___ Day 1 Lodging (10 Rooms x Room Rate)$ ___1,300____ Day 2 Lodging Costs (10 Rooms x Room Rate)$ ___1,100____ Hoover Dam Admission ( Cost x 20 Participants)$ ___160____ Parking (Cost x 2 Vehicles)$ ____20___ Dam Tour (Cost x 20 Participants)$ ____2,900___ Other Activity Costs$ ___500____ Days 3-4 Lodging (10 Rooms x Room Rate)$ ____2,000___ Zion Entry Fee (Cost x 20 Participants or Per Vehicle)$ ____240___ Total Activity Costs$ ____1,000___ Days 5-6 Lodging (10 Rooms x Room Rate)$ ____2,300___ Bryce Canyon Entry Fee (Cost x 20 Participants or Per Vehicle)$ ___500____ Total Activity Costs$ ___700____ Day 7 Lodging (10 Rooms x Room Rate)$ ____1,300___ Day 8 Transportation (Airport to Firm Location)$ ____150___ Total Cost$ ___26,820____ As part of the Special Event Plan Assignment your Event Plan included a Gala Celebration. The contracted client has requested the following be included in the Gala Celebration: Cocktails/Cocktail Reception Formal Dinner Live Entertainment Photographer The Gala Celebration will begin at 5:00 pm at the Cesar Palace Roman Venue. Roman Venue down to the smallest detail, the unique setting of Romano will transport your guests to the eternal city. Quiet and intimate, Romano seats 35. Event will end at Midnight with the Marketing Vice President concluding the experience and giving out awards. Major consideration for the photographer was it was a family owned business at a very low rate cost to us. Our decision for the Entertainment was that we wanted to grab our attendees attention by having a Johnny Cash Impersonations to keep the entertainment in an exciting atmosphere. * 5:30 Cocktail and Cocktail Reception Lounge B at the Roman Open Bar $850 * 6:00pm Kyle Tippy CEO of Nation Wide Marketing Firm Key Note Speaker * 6:00 pm Formal Dinner will be served $4,000 * 8:00 pm dancing floor open * 11:00 Event Wrap up and Awards by Kevin Cola Vice President of Marketing * Live Entertainment by Ronnie Lee Twist $1,100 * Photographer by Trent Black Photography $ 350 How to cite Home, Papers

AIDS (1545 words) Essay Example For Students

AIDS (1545 words) Essay AIDSGonzales 1 The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was first discovered in 1981 as a unique and newly recognized infection of the body’s immune system (Mellors 3). The name AIDS was formally know as GRIDS (Gay Related Immune Defiance Syndrome). The first case of AIDS was discovered in Los Angeles, where scientists from the CDC (Center for Disease Control) were called in on a half dozen cases. The CDC was convinced what they were seeing was a new strand of virus. None of the staff members had ever seen a strand of virus that could do so much destruction to the immune system like this one did. Many theories about this disease were in question. Many scientists believed it originated in Africa. Many thought the virus existed in humans in South Central Africa for hundreds and thousands of years, causing only minor symptoms in isolated groups until it spread more widely. AIDS could also be traced back to 1959, where a blood sample was taken from a man from Zaire and then frozen. Labs later indicated that the blood sample had the AIDS virus strand in it. Some weird theories also arose in the science arena, where some scientists believed that the virus was caused by a mutation of an existing virus. Others thought it was a creation of God to punish sinful people. A former government worker claimed it was a plot by the CIA to eliminate the population. One scientist thought the virus was brought here from outer space. One more theory about this virus was this was nature’s way of telling us we have to many people. Gonzales 2 The AIDS rate was known to be very high in homosexual men. It was believed that the AIDS virus was carried from Africa to Haiti. Haiti was known as â€Å"gay paradise,† because it was a popular vacation spot for homosexuals. Bathhouses were the hang out for many homosexual men and a place where prostitution flourished. Some bathhouses reported that more than 1000 men would visit each year. Since many men from all over the world visited these bathhouses, researchers believed the spread of AIDS could be linked to this type of behavior. There are many symptoms that are associated with the AIDS virus, such as HIV (Human Immundodeficiency Virus). HIV is subdivided into two related types, HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is individuals at high risk for developing the AIDS virus. HIV-2 is among people in West Africa and a few other cities that have the strand of the virus called SIV (Simian Immundefienciency Virus) which is found in wild African monkeys. The pattern of the HIV virus usually lasts up to ten years before any symptoms are detected. The first stage is the Primary HIV infection stage. This is where the disease is first detected. Following 3-6 weeks after the initial detection, the Acute HIV Syndrome stage kicks in. Some symptoms to look for in this stage are fever, headaches, sore throat, rashes, and diarrhea. The next stage is the Clinical Latency stage. This stage usually lasts for several years. Some symptoms to look for in this stage are fever, weight loss, fatigue, night Gonzales 3 sweats, and diarrhea. Some infections to look for in this stage are Herpes Zoster (Shingles), Herpes simplex, and lesions on the body. Following the pain and suffering that comes with all these symptoms; death finally takes its toll on another victim. The death toll that AIDS has inflicted on America today is unbelievably high. Within the past decade, the pandemic of HIV and AIDS infections has spread all across the world. .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10 , .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10 .postImageUrl , .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10 , .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10:hover , .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10:visited , .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10:active { border:0!important; } .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10:active , .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10 .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud6ce701d6f8016aa94bfd5e186a8ab10:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Detrimental Effects in Changing the Rent Contr Essay The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that by mid 1996 approximately 28 million people worldwide would had been infected with the HIV virus, of whom 8 million have developed the AIDS and nearly 6 million, including 1.3 million children had died (Mellors 4). It is estimated that about 22 million adults and children are infected worldwide from the HIV virus, and of the 22 million people, about 1 million are in the United States, 5 million in Asia, and about 14 million people in Africa. By the year 2000, the number of AIDS infections will reach about 40 million people across the world. Of all these cases reported in the world, men comprise about 50% of all AIDS cases, woman account for 40%, and children born with this disease comprise of 10%. In the United States, total of more than 500,000 cases were reported to the CDC in 1996. Of those, 500,000 people, 62% of these individuals died from AIDS. AIDS is now the leading cause of death in male’s aged 25-44. The number of cases have increased through the years, as shown here: ? 1985- 4,445 cases were reported. ? 1986- 8,249 Gonzales 4 ? 1987- 12,932 ? 1988- 21,070 ? 1989- 31,001 ? 1990- 33,722 ? 1991- 41,595 ? 1992- 43,672 ? 1994- 78,279 ? 1995- 71,547 The reported cases by sex were 40,080 men, and 6,255 women. Homosexuals and I.V. drug users account for 81% of cases in men. Heterosexual users account for 84% of cases in women (Key 4). Between the years 1994 and 1995, there was a drop in cases reported to the CDC. This is primarily due to the awareness and education of the public to the dangers of AIDS. Spreading the word of prevention is very costly, but the word has to get through to the young generation growing up. High Schools around the country should be educating young teens on this deadly disease. Between 40,000 to 80,000 American’s have the AIDS virus, statistics show that one out of four teenagers have the disease. Today, President Clinton is advising the White House Office of AIDS Policy to talk to young adults about AIDS and the consequences that come with having the disease (Washington 2). Studies have shown that teens that had sex education are less likely to be infected through sexual intercourse. Education is the key for prevention Gonzales 5 among teenagers, since it causes them to realize the dangers of unsafe sex and intravenous drug use. One of the major obstacles in sex education is that many adults refuse to believe their children are sexually active and do not want to seem as if they condone sex. When it comes to HIV status, do not take anyone’s word for it. Researchers found out that 40% of AIDS infected people do not tell their partners, and almost half of them do not even use condoms (Brietzke 88). Testing for HIV is the most important aspect in preventing AIDS. HIV testing is helpful because if a person is aware that he/she is infected, they can be more careful about not spreading the deadly virus. People are often afraid to get tested, for the fear of knowing they are infected. Home tests are now available for easier access and privacy. Researchers worry about young teenagers taking their own life if they were to find out they were infected with the HIV virus. The most important thing to remember about HIV prevention is, you are responsible for your own actions. If you have to use intravenous drugs, make sure the needles are always sterile. Practice safe sex and avoid sex with someone who might be infected. Get tested for HIV if you think there is any chance you may have contracted the HIV virus from someone. Ten years ago AIDS was discovered. To this day, researches still do not have a vaccine for this deadly disease. .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66 , .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66 .postImageUrl , .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66 , .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66:hover , .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66:visited , .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66:active { border:0!important; } .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66:active , .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66 .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u71ab71fe2170310246640b6278de9e66:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Judiasm Essay It took scientists three years after the virus was discovered to find out how it really works and operates (Key 11). The limited treatment Gonzales 6 available back in 1985 is not nearly as affected as it is today. Today’s treatment is more advanced, but it is very costly and demanding. The only inexpensive treatment that we can give today is prevention. AIDS dropped a stunning 44% in 1997, due to three new potent drugs (Mellors 5). These three new drugs are suppose to revolutionize AIDS care in the future. Typically people start taking these drugs when they learn they are infected with the virus, or when they start showing symptoms of sickness. People who were deathly ill were used to experiment with these new drugs. Months later the patients started showing signs of improvement. Still these drugs are not for everyone. One third of the patients did not improve and later died. The most common reason people stop taking the drugs was that the patients have to swallow 20 or more pills a day, and take them at a precise time. Missing a couple of pills may cause the virus to become immune to the medication. There are many patients that rely on this treatment because this is the only treatment that is making them feel better. To this day in America, the CDC estimates between 400,000 to 650,000 people to be infected with the virus within the next two years. The country needs to pull together and help educate the American people on the dangers of HIV and AIDS.

10 Personification Examples in Poetry, Literature, and More

10 Personification Examples in Poetry, Literature, and More SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Personification is an important literary device- as a form of metaphor, personification compares two things quickly and efficiently, often in a poetic fashion. But what is it? In this guide, we’ll discuss what personification is, what it does, and why so many writers use it, as well as a whole bunch of examples to help you get accustomed to identifying personification when you see it. This isn't quite personification, but it is cute. What Is Personification? Personification is pretty simple, but before we can get into what it is, we need to discuss metaphors. Personification is a form of metaphor, a literary device comparing two things by applying the qualities of one thing to another. One famous example is the Walt Whitman line, â€Å"And your very flesh shall be a great poem.† Whitman isn’t suggesting that your flesh is literally a poem- that would be both impossible and uncomfortable- but rather that your entire self is a work of art. Within the context of the Leaves of Grass preface, where this quote comes from, the quote means that, through love and patience and living with meaning and purpose, your entire self will have meaning and purpose, just as a poem does. Though Whitman’s quote is a metaphor, it’s not personification. Personification is a more specific type of metaphor in which something that is not human is given human traits. Whitman’s quote compares flesh, something human, to a poem, something inhuman, meaning it’s not personification. Instead, personification will look something like this quote from John Keats’ â€Å"To Autumn†: â€Å"Conspiring with him how to load and bless With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run.† Here, the thing doing the conspiring is autumn, and ‘him’ is the maturing sun. Neither of these things can conspire- autumn is a season, and the sun is a star- but for the purpose of illustrating how perfect the season is, Keats suggests that they can. In this example, Keats gives both autumn and the sun the human ability to conspire. That doesn’t mean that Keats wants you to picture the sun and autumn literally whispering in one another’s ears; he’s suggesting harmony and a natural order of things. As the sun matures (another thing it isn’t technically doing, at least not in this poem) into the later stages of the year, the fruit on the vines begins to ripen just in time for the harvest. As the sun moves further from the earth and the weather grows colder, the season switches to autumn, as if the two were consciously working together. Hence, the idea of conspiring. As you can see, personification can add a dramatic and more evocative flair to writing. If Keats’ poem had simply read, â€Å"The sun gets further away from the earth as the season changes to autumn, just in time for the fruit to ripen,† itwouldn't feel particularly inspiring or interesting. But when he suggests that the sun and autumn are conspiring, we get a much more vivid, memorable picture of what the seasons are like. This isn't personification either. Examples of Personification Keats is just one writer using personification- there are lots of different ways to use this literary device to great effect. You don’t even need to be world-renowned Romantic poet to use it! Basic Examples of Personification Since personification is just giving something that isn’t human the characteristics of a human, it’s very simple to do! Check out these examples: The stars winked in the night sky. Stars, having no eyes, cannot wink. But when you see this phrase, you know that they’re twinkling. The bridge stretched over the interstate. A bridge can’t stretch, but from this phrase, we get the mental image of it being long and gracefully curved. The cave mouth yawned. A mouth can yawn, but a cave mouth cannot. Still, we get the mental image of the cave mouth stretched wide. The smell of baking muffins welcomed us inside. A smell can’t welcome, but we can still understand that the narrator of this sentence feels welcomed by the homey smell. Poetry Examples of Personification We often encounter figurative language like personification in poetry, where a few words have to carry a lot of meaning. Some of the most famous examples in poetry are: â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death –He kindly stopped for me – The Carriage held but just Ourselves – And Immortality.† - â€Å"Because I could not stop for Death† by Emily Dickinson In this poem, Death is personified as a person driving a carriage. Within the confines of this poem, Death may in fact be a person; but Dickinson isn’t writing about a literal event that happened to her. She’s using her relationship with Death figuratively, illustrating how Death goes about its business with little regard for humanity’s work and leisure. â€Å"BlackberriesBig as the ball of my thumb, and dumb as eyesEbon in the hedges, fatWith blue-red juices. These they squander on my fingers.I had not asked for such a blood sisterhood; they must love me.They accommodate themselves to my milkbottle, flattening their sides.†- â€Å"Blackberrying† by Sylvia Plath Plathmakes a direct comparison between blackberries and humans- she says blackberries, like eyes, are 'dumb,' in that they cannot speak. But we also know that they can’t squander, they can’t be a sisterhood, and they can’t love or accommodate themselves. Plath isn’t trying to tell us that these are magic blackberries with all those traits. She’s using personification to illustrate her relationship with these blackberries, demonstrating a unique bond with them. Even without the context of the whole poem, Plath’s use of personification shows us that these blackberries aren’t just fruit to her. Literary Examples of Personification Poets aren’t the only writers using personification- it’s also valuable for prose writers! Check out these famous examples from literature: â€Å"[The eyes of TJ Eckleburg] look out of no face, but, instead, from a pair of enormous yellow spectacles which pass over a nonexistent nose. Evidently some wild wag of an oculist set them there to fatten his practice in the borough of Queens, and then sank down himself into eternal blindness or forgot them and moved away. But his eyes, dimmed a little by many paintless days under sun and rain, brood on over the solemn dumping ground†¦." - The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald If these eyes were attached to a human being, they might brood as an extension of the human. But the eyes of TJ Eckleburg are painted on a billboard, not attached to a human face. It’s impossible for them to brood, as they don’t have emotions. However, this quote demonstrates the mood that the eyes cast over the valley; it’s dark and dreary, and the way that Fitzgerald characterizes these painted eyes reflects that. "There is something subversive about this garden of Serena’s, a sense of buried things bursting upwards, wordlessly, into the light, as if to point, to say: Whatever is silenced will clamour to be heard, though silently. [†¦] Light pours down upon it from the sun, true, but also heat rises, from the flowers themselves, you can feel it: like holding your hand an inch above an arm, a shoulder. It breathes, in the warmth, breathing itself in." - The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood This paragraph has a couple of instances of personification. Buried things don’t really burst upward- they grow, but to ‘burst’ is to move suddenly, which is something that these plants don’t do. Likewise, Atwood says that the heat breathes. Because heat doesn’t have lungs, it can’t breathe, but it’s clear that Atwood is giving everything in Serena’s garden a sense of life so that even the heat has vitality. Pop Culture Examples of Personification You don’t have to look to books you’ve read in school to find personification, either! Everything from TV shows to music to video games can contain personification, such as these examples: Inside Out Though everything that happens in the movie Inside Out can be read to be happening literally- it’s a fantasy movie!- it’s also a form of metaphor. We know that in real life our emotions aren’t little humanoid figures running around pulling levers, but giving emotions like joy and sadness human characteristics encourages viewers to appreciate their complexity. Sadness isn’t bad, and joy isn’t always good- when we give them human traits, we see that any emotion can mean multiple things! "You try to scream but terror takes the sound before you make itYou start to freeze as horror looks you right between the eyesYou're paralyzed'Cause this is thriller, thriller nightAnd no one's gonna save you from the beast about to strike."- "Thriller" by Michael Jackson There are a few examples of personification in this song- in just this verse, terror "takes the sound" and horror "looks you right between the eyes." Logically, we know that emotions can't take or look at anything. But using that kind of language to describe fear gives it an agency that infuses this song with energy. It's not difficult to understand why this works so well; if you've ever been afraid, you know how it can affect the way your body feels, sometimes paralyzing you. That's what Jackson is tapping into in this song: the sense that fear can trap you and make you feel like you're out of control. What’s Next? Personification is just one of many literary devices at your disposal. Check out this list of literary devices and how they're used for a whole bunch more! Want to know more about how the Valley of Ashes is constructed inThe Great Gatsby? Learn more from this post all about how the Valley of Ashes works as a symbol! Understanding how personification works can help you in AP literature- just like this reading list for AP lit students! What kind of man so likes being described by his mother as the personification of "the beast" that he adopts it as his own nickname? Learn more about the strange life and times of Aleister Crowley with this article.

Porters generic strategies

Porters generic strategies Introduction Porter’s generic strategies were designed to explain how firms achieve competitive advantage. Numerous industries have applied the three generic approaches, and thus illustrated that Porter’s model was accurate in explaining how firms become successful in their industries. Nonetheless, a few exceptions do exist.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Porter’s generic strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Explanation of the model Firms may adopt one of three generic strategies: cost leadership, differentiation or focus. Cost leaders are organisations that sell their goods or services at the lowest price in their industries. Companies can become cost leaders by acquiring and continually investing in capital so as to create or sustain a large market share. High capital investments also create large economies of scale that allow firms to minimise unit costs of production. As a result, the se businesses can pass on production savings to their consumers through low prices. They need to keep up with the latest developments in technology in order to control process-related expenses. Many cost leaders also have closely monitored overhead. They tend to reduce labour costs through commission-based pay. Others can negotiate low prices for raw materials with their suppliers. Organisations may choose cost leadership because it can protect them against powerful buyers and suppliers. Furthermore, it hampers potential entrants from entering the market because they cannot match their economies of scale. The differentiation strategy refers to provision of unique services or products to one’s clients. Some organisations may achieve differentiation through addition of certain qualities in their products. Others may simply work on brand perception while some may dwell on product design. Even the use of technology can become a source of differentiation. Companies may choose such a strategy because it allows them to enjoy high profit margins. Customers tend to be loyal to differentiated firms, so they hardly pay attention to price adjustments among competitors. Differentiation also reduces buyers’ choices hence their power over the concerned firm. In order to achieve this feat, companies need to invest heavily in research and development. They should also market their services or products effectively. In other words, they need to communicate to consumers the exceptional qualities of their products. Differentiated firms ought to have a fixed pay structure that enhances employee loyalty. Innovation and creativity are central features of this strategy. However, businesses in this category do not enjoy a large market share because the strategy focuses on exclusivity.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The last approach is called the focus strategy. Here, a company tailors its products or services to one market group. It can select a particular market segment on the basis of its geographical location, product preference or demographic factors. In this category, organisations can either be cost-focus strategists or differentiation-focus strategists. When they select one of the latter, then they can create competitive advantage in their industry. Porter (1980) explained that firms cannot select a hybrid of the three strategies and still be successful. The generic strategies are contradictory in nature, so trying to implement more than one of them would cause firms to be stuck in the middle. For instance a company that wants to pursue both cost leadership and differentiation would need to cut down on overhead, but still invest in research and development. Achieving these two objectives simultaneously would be close to impossible. Such firms have to contend with low profits because they lack the features needed to compete with low cost competitors or differentiated organisations. They also confuse customers who cannot identify one distinct feature about them. Unless a company employs different generic strategies across very separate and distinct business units, then it would not succeed in using a hybrid model. Application of Porter’s generic strategies in various industries Companies in the hotel industry have applied Porter’s generic strategies successfully and those who have not have ended up recording immense losses (Bordean et al. 2010). In the hospitality industry, companies achieve cost leadership by offering only basic services. They focus on attracting a large market segment by keeping their rooms inexpensive. Perhaps one of the most popular strategies pursued in the hotel industry is differentiation. Companies may provide unique services such as wifi access, transportation from the airport, superior room furnishing and many more to create value. They eventually let travellers and visitors know that their services are superior, which leads to business success. In the hospitality industry, most firms choose to pursue a differentiation focus strategy rather than a cost focus strategy because it is difficult to meet the needs of a certain market segment without some form of differentiation. Some hotels have achieved this through focus on elite clientele, married couples or Islamic clients. Bordean et al (2010) carried out an analysis of the Romanian hotel industry by administering questionnaires to 69 hotels in the country. They had 26 strategic practices that participants needed to select. These findings would then be classified as cost leadership, differentiation or focus strategies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Porter’s generic strategies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The researchers found that several hotels utilised the differentiation strategy through brand identification , superior staff experiences as well as provision of certain technological advantages. They also found that others used the focus strategy by offering speciality services and establishing a strong reputation of excellence in the industry. Cost leadership was not found to be a strong strategy among most hotels because clients frowned upon cost-cutting measures. In essence, these findings support Porter’s assertions concerning the unfeasibility of hybrid approaches. Various industries have different manifestations of the three generic strategies because of the inherent characteristics within them. As described earlier, the hospitability industry rarely has firms that pursue cost leadership because of the nature of demand in that sector. However, other industries may be more inclined to cost leadership than others. Alternatively, they may depict differentiation strategies in different ways from other service industries. One such case is the health service industry. Lamont et al. (1993) found that differentiation in hospitals occurs through use of technologically sophisticated services, expansion of the nature of services offered and provision of rare services. For instance, hospitals with cardiac catheterisation laboratories and lithotripters are differentiated through the use of technological sophistication. Hospitals with rare services include those one that provide alcoholism services, birthing rooms or burn care. Conversely, hospitals may also pursue cost leadership by cutting down on their expenses. If the total operational costs per bed and the salary adjusted for each patient is low, then one ought to classify that hospital as a low cost facility. When Lamont et al. (1993) measured the financial performance of all hospitals (total margin and net operational revenue); they found that muddling organisations were the least profitable. These were companies who neither had low cost strategies or differentiation. Experts suggest that differentiated hospit als are better suited to discontinuous environment because differentiators give customers unique service. They use new technologies or foresee customer reactions and tailor services to meet those new needs. In a dynamic environment where factors alter frequently, hospitals pursing a differentiation strategy will be better able to cope with unpredictable occurrences. Cost leaders, on the other hand, thrive in predictable environments.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A dynamic environment creates diseconomies of scale and undermines attempts at cost control or efficiency. Furthermore, if the institution’s environment changes then the institution should consider changing its generic strategy. In the healthcare industry, firms’ strategic options are not curved in stone. They can be oriented to fit their environment. However, if a hospital already has a proper organisation-environment fit, then there is not need to alter its Porter generic strategy. Torgovicky et al. (2005) also carried out a study in the healthcare industry. They collected performance data from the Israeli ambulatory health care system, and compared this with the generic strategies pursued by the different businesses. It was found that organisations that did not fall neatly into any of the three categories were not financially viable. These findings further supported the assertions made by Porter. In the airline industry, one can also find instances of the Porter gen eric strategic models across the board. Cost leaders work by offering no frills; they only provide standard services. A good example of such an airline is Britain’s Easy Jet. The company merely provides clients with a seat and leg room, and thus cuts down on costs. It then eliminates the need to charge customers for any extra features. The strategy has built a large market share for the company and this has also increased its high income streams. Differentiators in the airline industry aim at providing additional features such as a diverse and satisfying menus, strong customer service and personal television viewing. Focus strategies in the airline industry are manifested through various ways. Some may dwell on offering differentiated flights in small airports. Alternatively, others may choose to fly to local destinations and may offer their services as low costs (Peters 2008). Several consumers in the airline industry will not pay high prices for short-distance flights. Cons equently, cost leaders have taken advantage of this situation and dominated short-distance flights. Some airlines have suffered tremendously owing to poor application of the Porter generic strategies. British Airways recorded losses of approximately 300 million pounds owing to its insistence on offering frills in short distance flights. One may liken frills to differentiation generic strategies because consumers must pay more for certain in-flight perks. Conversely, short distance flights may be likened to the cost leadership strategy. Therefore, British Airways was trying to pursue two simultaneous strategies in this business unit, and failed dramatically. The company has since learnt that the two approaches should be separated in order to foster financial sustainability. Perhaps one of the most obvious depictions of Porter’s generic strategies is the basic industrial goods sector, such as steel making (Bennet Cooper 1979). It is preferable to employ cost leadership strateg ies in this sector owing to a number of reasons. First, the steel industry has minimal opportunities for differentiation. The goods being prepared are quite basic and will eventually be used to make other commodities. Therefore, organisations are only left with process manipulation as the only way of maintaining a competitive advantage. The steel making industry often relies on the use of technology in order to boost production processes; this is a symptom of cost leadership. One of the ways in which these companies have reduced production costs is through computer inventory systems, which ensure that no company resource goes to waste during manufacture. Steel makers also work hard to ensure that their purchasing, and sales management techniques are in order. This would ensure that they produce their goods at very low prices. The companies also struggle to improve economies of scale through joint ventures because the overall outcome is plain steel. Sometimes joint ventures may occur between firms within the same supply chain. In other words, vertical integration of suppliers and manufacturers often takes place in the steel industry. Companies that engage in these joint ventures aim at minimising the cost of acquiring raw materials like iron ore or steel shreds. The high capital investments in basic industries also explain why price wars are common in the industry. Since organisations invest so much in opening up their businesses, then they try as much as possible to cut down on costs. The same strategies in the steel industry are also applied in other industries such as aluminium, plastic or paper. Such organisations do not diversify their goods, so the only option available to them is the price alternative. Weaknesses of Porter’s generic model While Porter’s strategic model may have garnered wide application in a number of industries, reports also shows that some industries or organisations do not follow Porter’s recommendations to the le tter. It is possible for firms to become cost leaders through the use of differentiation. A case in point is the automobile industry. General Motors was recognised as a cost leader even during the same decade that Porter created the generic strategy model. However, consumer reports also indicate that the company’s large luxury vehicles were the preferred consumer brand between 1976 and 1982. Similarly, the organisation’s midsize compact category was also at the top of their list between 1977 and 1982 (Datta 1996). The compact and large luxury automobile was one of the most profitable car segments at the time. These findings illustrate that General Motors differentiated its product offerings despite being a cost leader. Its profitability came from its perfection of the two models and its pursuance of low prices. Some firms may pursue more than one generic strategy, albeit at a milder level with one of them. The latter assertions are supported by numerous studies; one su ch example was a research done by Chan and Wong (1999). The two authors sought to examine the relationship between the competitive strategies adopted by organisations in the banking sector and their performance. They found that companies with multi-strategy approaches were more financially successful than the ones who only chose on of Porter’s three generic strategies. Chan and Wong (1999) explained that these strategies were possible because those banks had ample resources to synergise seemingly incompatible generic strategies. The organisations achieved this feat because they had strong organisational capabilities. Most of their managers were committed to their companies and carefully analysed the relationship between business activities and the organisational system. Porter argued that firms may choose to pursue differentiation or cost leadership in order to garner success. He treats these two approaches in an equal manner and believes that they can both provide tangible r esults for companies that select them. However, some analysts have found that differentiation is a superior strategy to cost leadership. Customers and their perception of quality within a certain company make a company more competitively placed than a cost leader. This explains why many US-based firms in the electronics industry became bankrupt. They failed to innovate and paid minimal attention to the quality of their commodities. Differentiation is superior to cost leadership because it is more focused towards customer needs. These firms listen to their buyers and are keen on using technology or any other means needed to meet consumer needs. According to Porter, differentiation is not well suited to low cost. However, this statement may not always be true. Differentiation is often associated with high quality and value creation. Nonetheless, in an attempt to meet consumer demands through quality improvement, some companies may end up minimising costs, which may be passed on to con sumers through lower prices. For instance, in 1997, Toyota wanted to improve its Camry model by increasing its speed impact. However, after achieving that objective, the company found that the product had fewer parts and thus better performance (Krebs 1996). In the mobile phone industry, companies instated quality assurance procedures in order to boost mobile device performance. However, these quality processes, which were differentiation strategies, ended up reducing costs of the products. Therefore, differentiation and low costs may work hand in hand, contrary to Porter’s claims. Conclusion Porter’s generic strategies have an impact in numerous industries across the board. Most of these organisations tend to have low levels of differentiation and are relatively secure industries. However, other firms may challenge the assumptions in Porter’s model when they exist in dynamic industries such as international banking. References Bennet, R Cooper, R 1979, ‘ Beyond the marketing concept’. Business Horizons, June, p. 76-83. Bordean, O, Borza, A, Razvan, N, Catalina, M. 2010, ‘The use of Michael Porter’s generic strategies in the Romanian hotel industry’, International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, vol. 1 no. 2, pp. 173-177, Chan, R Wong, Y 1999, ‘Bank generic strategies: does Porter’s theory apply in an international banking centre?’, International Business Review, vol. 8 no 5, pp. 561-590. Datta, Y 1996, ‘Market segmentation: An integrated framework’, Long Range Planning, vol. 29 no. 6, pp. 797-811. Krebs, M 1996, ‘1997 Toyota Camry: Indeed, less is more’ New York Times, 26 October, p.15. Lamont, B, Marlin, D, Hoffman, J 1993, ‘Porter’s generic strategies, discontinuous environments and performance: A longitudinal study of changing strategies in the hospital industry’, Health Services Research, vol. 25 no. 5, pp.623-64. Peters, K 2 008, ‘Generis strategies: A substitute for thinking?’ The Ashridge Journal, Spring, p. 1-5 Porter, M, 1980, Competitive strategy: Techniques for analysing industries and competitors, Free Press, New York. Torgovicky, R, Goldberg, A, Shvarts, S, Bar, D, Onn, E, Levi, Y, Bardayan, Y. 2005, ‘Application of Porter’s generic strategies in ambulatory healthcare: a comparison of managerial perceptions in two Israeli sick funds’, Healthcare Management Review, vol. 30 no. 1, pp 17-23.

Ford Motor Company Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ford Motor Company - Research Paper Example From the discussion it is clear that  Ford Motors offers values for all its stakeholders. Ford Motors focuses on ‘one team’ consisting of all stakeholders such as customers, employees, suppliers, dealers and investors among others. Vision statement shows the future perspective of the company.  This paper stresses that organizations set up several strategies to operate business efficiently in international market. Ford Motor Company witnessed lots of strategic challenges during recession in the US. In the recent past, Ford Motors has redesigned a coherent business strategy. Ford emphasizes on ‘One Ford’ philosophy.  Ford Motor Company focuses on meeting the customers’ requirements by providing them quality products. It enhances the efficiency of its plants and processes by adopting advanced technologies. Their strategies are chiefly based on ‘One Ford’ approach. Ford offers high-quality vehicles with global appeal such as ‘fuel -efficient cars’, competent utility vehicles, and ‘fun-to-drive’. They ensure continuous improvement driven by their strong product line. Ford Motors highlights on overall profitability. Ford Motors’ loyalties to excellent fuel economy, stunning style as well as customer-focused technology are demonstrated throughout its product line.  Lincoln, one of the associated brands, is under focus to be established as a luxury brand to attain opportunities in the developing markets.   Excellent quality, laser-sharp spotlight on client safety and fuel efficiency continue to make Ford Motors a market leader with the US consumers.

Immigrants and Immigration - America Needs Immigration Essay

Immigrants and Immigration - America Needs Immigration - Essay Example Immigration also assists in the development and understand of cultural diversities and helps in promoting anti racist sentiments. Immigrants mainly belong to the underdeveloped nations where the financial crisis pushes them to immigrate. Policies which include the rules of free trade actually serve as a burden rather than reliefs for the poor countries making them dip into poverty even more. These underdeveloped nations have debts to pay off and much of their income goes into actually paying the interest of these debts. Moreover the developed nations do pledge to assist these countries by providing them aid but these developed countries never reach their set goal. The people living in these countries are left with no options and the final ray of hope for them is immigration. It is the only way for them to lead a better life ahead. America is the country of immigrants. Friedman (2006) explains the results of a study carried out by the National Academy of Sciences that immediate descen dents reimburse $80,000 in excess of what they receive as benefits in taxes in their whole life. Approximately 15% of the total labor force of America comprises of immigrants and terminating their services would reduce the output of the country by $1 trillion. The total agricultural industry can be distributed equally in domestic and immigrant workers in terms of population (Friedman, 2006). Immigration can also serve to be beneficial for the countries where these people migrate. This is because the developed nations like America have more of an aging population which they have to cater. The taxes paid by immigrants in America are helpful in upholding the social security and health expenses of this ageing population. Another cause is the decreased birth rates in these nations. This results in low skilled labor and hence immigrants can serve to fill in these gaps. Also the immigrants pay higher taxes comparatively and this can serve to compensate for the amount required to cater to t he aged. Thus, immigration serves to promote the betterment of the immigrants as well as proves to be beneficial to the economy of the host nation. America also benefits from these impacts of immigrants (Fienleib & Warner, 2005). With immigration there is development and understanding of other cultures and religions. The immigrants receive a chance of adapting according to the culture of the country where they have migrated. On the other hand the nationals of that country receive a chance to view the different cultures of the world and analyze them. America is culturally rich and is home to the immigrants from different parts of the world. This assists in the promotion of harmony in the U.S., as people from two different regions learn to live together and are exposed to different views and perspectives of the world. Thus immigration assists in broadening the human mind (Gabaccia 2002, pp. 8-15). Despite of this understanding there has been much opposition to the policy of immigratio n and immigrants have to face racism in the host country. The opponents argue that the immigrants actually take up the US native citizens’ jobs and the result is lower employment for them (Borjas 2001, p. 63). This point has been argued against as it has been analyzed the economic impact of immigration is not great and immigrants serve in to fill many vacant places and assist in boosting the income as a whole. Opponents also

Ideologies of Islam | Peace and brotherhood

Ideologies of Islam | Peace and brotherhood Introduction All religion preaches peace and brotherhood and Islam is no different. However, how do you justify the killing of thousands of innocents by the Islamic terrorists. Islamic terrorism is the common term for violence,[1] rooted on Islamic fundamentalism, and aimed at defending, or even promoting, Islamic culture, society, and values in opposition to the political, allegedly imperialistic, and cultural influences of non-Muslims, and the Western world in particular.  [1]   Today, it is global terrorism has come to fore of the world politics after terror attacks on World Trade Centre on 09 September 2001. While looking at the globosity of the phenomenon of terrorism, it has to be appreciated that before terrorist groups attain their national, regional or global stature the first begin the same at local levels. A consideration of the origins of various terrorist groups would indicate that the growth of the small groups into the national or supra national movements could have been attributed to, if not large measure, to the frustration of the people, with the inability of their governments to provide with the elementary justice, security and welfare. It is difficult to say at which point local terror groups joins hands with the other groups operating in the region to form supra national entities that can operate trans national boundaries. If concrete steps are not taken immediately with due foresight, terror menace can well become the the biggest threat t o mankind.  [2]   Varieties of Terrorism Radical conservative religious movements have become linked to terrorism in places as diverse as the Middle East, Ireland, Japan, and the U.S. It is necessary to examine terrorism before further exploring the link between radical religion and the embrace of violence. It is difficult to define terrorism. One persons terrorist is anothers freedom fighter. There are various types of egregious political violence that are sometimes conflated. Official documents on terrorism rarely define the term or differentiate it from other forms of violent political action, e.g., guerilla movements, ethno-nationalist conflicts or progressive movements that take direct action. Nations often brand opposition/resistance/demonstrations as terrorist to demonize and discredit those who might dissent Ahmad (1998) offered a typology of five varieties of terrorism:- State terrorism. Religious terrorism. Criminal terrorism. Pathological terrorism. Secular oppositional, or political, terrorism. There are different motives for these. Some highly visible expressions of terrorism can be thought of as spectacles of violence, media events staged to dramatize an issue by gaining the attention of the world. Terrorism acts as both a symbolic message and supposed means of social change aiming at political transformation. The terrorist act dramatically advertises the grievance to a larger community that may support their goals. Further, the pain and suffering inflicted is believed, at least by the terrorists, to avenge a prior injustice and/or attain the organizations goal.  [3]   Jehad The word Jihad links its origin to the Arabic word JHD, which means strive. Jihad in essence means the measures taken to practice religion even during the times of adversity in the face of oppression and persecution. In Arabic, the terms Mujahid/Mujahideen and jihad, are Islamic-derived terms indicating righteous struggle, and are commonly used to refer to what the Western world calls Islamic terrorists and Islamic terrorism. In the non-Muslim world, this usage is often considered to be inaccurate and giving religious glorification to murder, and Islamic terms like hirabis and Muharib have been promoted as alternatives when referring to terrorists. Islamic terrorism is itself a controversial phrase, although its usage is widespread throughout the English-speaking world. Ordinary Muslims who have nothing to do with terrorism find it reprehensible because it forces upon them a label simply because they, too, are believers of Islam. In fact, the common Muslim believes that you are making him a racial hate target by using the word Islam with terrorism. Bernard Lewis believes that the phrase Islamic terrorism is apt, because although Islam, as a religion is not particularly conducive to terrorism or even tolerant of terrorism  [4]  . In his own words:- Islam has had an essentially political character from its very foundation to the present day. An intimate association between religion and politics, between power and cult, marks a principal distinction between Islam and other religions. In traditional Islam and therefore also in resurgent fundamentalist Islam, God is the sole source of sovereignty. God is the head of the state. The state is Gods state. The army is Gods army. The treasury is Gods treasury, and the enemy, of course, is Gods enemy. This argument is countered by Jamal Nassar and Karim H. Karim, who contend that because there are over a billion adherents of the religion, the phenomenon is more precisely regarded as Islamist terrorism or, because describes political ideologies rooted in interpretations of Islam. In this vein, describing terrorism as Islamic may confirm a prejudicial perspective of all things Islamic.  [5]   Radicalisation of Islam As has been noted, modern Islamic political fundamentalism is the product of a desire by some Muslims to return to a pure faith in order to counter and overcome growing pressure from an increasingly westernized world. Identifying and analyzing these pressure points is essential to understanding the rationale behind the often violent expressions of Islamic political fundamentalism whose ultimate purpose is to bring individual, country and world under the sovereign reign of Allah. As has been noted, Islamic political fundamentalist movements are a twentieth-century development. Not surprisingly, the majority of these movements are of the Sunni variety. Of the 175 Islamic fundamentalist groups (mainly of the political variety) in the Arab world as identified by Dekmejian from 1970-1995, only 32 were Shiite fundamentalists (with an additional four having both Sunni and Shiite followers). The modern era radical clerics have interpreted the Koran to their advantage and have used it effecti vely to strengthen the military wing of Islamic fundamentalists and use terrorism as a tool against the non practitioners of Islam. Some clerics supporting the hard stand against non Islamic societies and nations are reflected in the subsequent paragraphs. Radical as part of his sermon one Friday in August 2004, the Palestinian Sheikh Abu Muhammad al Maqdisi told his followers, Cutting off heads is part of our religion. Indeed, by God, slaughtering Allahs enemies is part of our religion. It should be done in accordance with the interest of Islamic nations. In another article titled The Infidels will be Obliterated, the cleric Seif al-Din al-Ansari writes Allah made annihilating the infidels one of his steadfast decrees. According to (divine) natural law of alternating fortunes, Allah said (Allah will) obliterate the infidelsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.It inevitably follows that this wisdomà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.has become the way the life is to be livedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. The (Koran) mentions his decree frequently, to the point that it makes you feel that it is truth of supreme importance. In another context, Shiekh Nasser ibn Hameed, an al Quaeda affiliated Saudi cleric, considers the permissibility of using the weapons of mass destruction to bring about the will of Allah. The sheikh concludes that, considering what Americans have done:- If a bomb was dropped on themà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦that would annihilate 10 million and burn their lands to the same extent that they burned the Muslim lands this is permissible with no need to mention any other proof. Yet if we want to annihilate a greater number, we need further proof  [6]   Creating an Ideology A century ago, Islam had the same Koran, the same Prophet Muhammad, the same stories about founding of the faith, and the same religious and the legal traditions. Yet there were no suicides bombers like Salah Ghandour, no incendiary leaders like Hassan Nasrallah, no militant sheikhs like Yousaf al-Qaradawi and no murderous conglomerates like Hamas and al Qaeda. And that there was not should give pause to all those who claim that Islam is, necessarily, a violent and destructive faith. To attribute todays problems to the essence of the religion is to commit a grave error of oversimplification. Islam is a grand tradition that has proven itself capable of sustaining many different cultures, philosophies, approaches to life and political arrangements. Since September 11, and to a lesser extent before, many authors have probed the history of Islam and the Arabs in search of the roots of extremism. One good place to start is the story from the recent past, the story of Sayyid Qutb, an Egypt ian writer who is described as the intellectual hero of every one of the groups that eventually went to Al Qaeda, their Karl Marxà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ their guide.  [7]   Sayyid Qutb was born in Egypt in 1906. His early education was in the western system of education. After completing his studies, he took up the job of a teacher. He later became a novelist and a functionary in Ministry of Education, Egypt. In late 1940s he did his masters from Colorado. However, during 1930 to 1950, Qutb lost faith in the secular system and became a radical Islamist. On return from America, Qutb supported the Nassers secular revolution. Difference arose between Nasser and Qutb and later was imprisoned. It was during this time Qutb wrote some of his best known and influential work Milestone (a thirty volume commentary on Koran) and In shade of Koran. Qutb was latter executed by Nasser in 1966, giving Islam its earliest and most revered martyr. Qutb was influenced by Mawdudis writings but constructed a khariji-like revolutionary ideology. He stressed both Gods sovereignty and governance (hakimiyya) and the unity of God (tawhid) with the resulting unity in nature, rel igion, society, and state as the foundation of the integrated and comprehensive Islamic system. Qutb transformed the meaning of the Islamic term hijrah (emigration) from a simple description of the Prophets historic migration from Mecca to Medinah to signifying a definite stage in the development of all true Muslim societies hijrah is the response of true Muslims to the state of jahiliyya prevalent in their society. They must withdraw from society in order to create a vanguard of committed activists able to take over society when the right time comes.  [8]  Some of Qutbs interpretation of Jahiliyyah in his own words are as follows:- Islam cannot accept any mixing with Jahiliyyah, either in its concept or in the modes of living which which are derived from this concept. Either Islam will remain or Jahiliyyah: Islam cannot accept or agree to a situation which is half Islamic and half Jahiliyyah. The foremost duty of Islam in this world is to depose Jahiliyyah from the leadership of man, and to take the leadership into its own hand and enforce the particular (Islamic ) way of life. Indeed, people are not Muslims, as they proclaim to b, as long as they live the lier of Jahiliyyahà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Today th task f the call is to return these ignorant people of Islam and make them into the Muslim all over again. A person who feels the need of defence, justification and apology is not capable of presenting Islam to people. Indeed, he is a person who lives the life of Jahiliyyah, hollow and full of contradictions, defects and evils, and intends to provide justification for the Jahiliyyah he is in. These are offender against Islam.  [9]   Qutbs central mobilizing concept was a reinterpretation of Jahiliyya, and provided an ideology to military faction of Islamic leaders. Most terrorist Islamic groups today, derive their ideology from his writings. Interpretations of the Quran The role played by the Quran, Islams sacred text, in opposing or in encouraging attacks on civilians is disputed. Certain scholars such as Zakir Naik have said all Muslims should be terrorists in the context of war and fighting evils of society. When he was asked about the verse. Against them make ready your strength to the utmost of your power, including steeds of war, to strike terror into (the hearts of) the enemies, of Allah and your enemies. [Quran 8:60] He replied. Every Muslim should be a terrorist. A terrorist is a person who causes terror. The moment a robber sees a policeman he is terrified. A policeman is a terrorist for the robber. A Muslim should be a terrorist for the Robber and all other anti-social elements. The Princeton University Middle Eastern scholar Bernard Lewis, states that Islamic jurisprudence does not allow terrorism. Professor Lewis notes At no time did the (Muslim) jurist approve of terrorism. Nor indeed is there any evidence of the use of terrorism (in Islamic tradition). Muslims are commanded not to kill women, children, or the aged, not to torture or otherwise ill-treat prisoners, to give fair warning of the opening of hostilities, and to honor agreements. Similarly, the laws of Jihad categorically preclude wanton and indiscriminate slaughter. The warriors in the holy war are urged not to harm non-combatants, women and children, unless they attack you first. A point on which they insist is the need for a clear declaration of war before beginning hostilities, and for proper warning before resuming hostilities after a truce. What the classical jurists of Islam never remotely considered is the kind of unprovoked, unannounced mass slaughter of uninvolved civil populations that we saw in New York two weeks ago. For this there is no precedent and no authority in Islam. Indeed it is difficult to find precedents even in the rich annals of human wickedness. In 2007, Osama bin Laden, best known for the September 11 attacks, used quotes from the Quran-and a militant Taliban clerics interpretation of those verses-to justify his declaration of war on Pervez Musharraf and the Pakistani army, such as: O prophet! Strive hard against the disbelievers and the hypocrites, and be harsh against them. Their abode is hell, and an evil destination it is. [Quran 9:73] O you who believe! Take not the Jews and Christians for your friends and protectors: they are but friends and protectors to each other. And he amongst you that turns to them (for friendship) is of them. Verily Allah guides not a people unjust. [Quran 5:51] And fight them until theres no fitnah (polytheism) and religion is wholly for Allah. [Quran 8:39] However, the interpretation of Al-Qaeda and the Taliban has been condemned by influential group of Pakistani scholars and religious leaders, who declared that suicide attacks and beheadings as un-Islamic in a unanimous resolution. Marmaduke Pickthall, a Western convert to Islam and an Islamic scholar notes that Nowhere does the Quran approve a spirit of revenge and situates verse 2:194 in the context of a defensive war. Ibn Kathir stated that the Quran clearly commands believers to prefer forgiveness over retaliation wherever possible. Michael Sells and Jane I. Smith (a Professor of Islamic Studies) write that barring some extremists like Al-Qaeda, most Muslims do not interpret Quranic verses as promoting warfare; and that the phenomenon of radical interpretation of scripture by extremist groups is not unique to Islam. According to Sells, Most Muslims no more expect to apply the verses at issue to their contemporary non-Muslim friends and neighbors than most Christians and Jews consider themselves commanded by God, like the Biblical Joshua, to exterminate the infidels.  [10]   Root Cause of Terrorism The Worldview of the Fundamentalist. It is obvious to mention that Islamic fundamentalism is caused by the actions of the fundamentalist. What we can ask ourselves is what drives these individuals to advocate fundamentalism? Several scholars have proposed that fundamentalists adopt a literal reading of the Quran. Consider the following verses:- And kill them wherever you find them, and turn them out from where they have turned you out. And Al-Fitnah is worst than killing. And fight not with them at Al-Masjid-al-Haram (the sanctuary at Makkah) unless they (first) fight you there. But if they attack you, then kill them. Such is the recompense of the unbelievers (Surah Al-Baqarah). If one takes a literal reading of the above passage, then it is quite obvious that Muslims should kill non-Muslims where and whenever the former thinks that they are in a position to do so. Take for example Palestinians. Palestinians have been resettled to accommodate for the state of Israel, consequently displacing the former from their own homeland in the process. When seen within the light of the above verses, the perceived injustice suffered by the Palestinians would mean that Palestinians have every right to oppose the Israelis as well as their American benefactors. This is if a literal reading of the above verses is taken devoid of the context and historical circumstances that gave rise to such verses in the first place.  [11]   Islams Identity Crisis in Confronting Modernity. The historical inevitability and pain of transition to modernization/capitalism has been met with resistance and conservative religious leaders sees such forms as imperialism, colonialism, and the spread of neoliberal ideology. As conservative religious leaders struggled to deal with the advent of modernity, Islamic modernizers were more open. Indeed, these Islamic modernizers worked with secular nationalists and were better able to cope with modernity, using European models of socialism and capitalism for nation building and national development (Hossein-Zadeh, 2005). However, when socialism and capitalism failed to deliver for example, instances of poverty were rife; people were alienated from the system they were in; materialism and decadence prevailed in the capitalist system the disappointed masses of the Muslim world turned to the more radical message of Islam as Muslims especially those alienated and disaffected by socialist and capitalists models looked for an Islamic Alternative. This yearning signalled a desire to return to the state of Islam during its Golden Age. Conservative religious leaders thereby became the sources of mobilization and self-respect as the disappointed masses sought to return to the Golden Age (Hossein-Zadeh, 2005).  [12]   Socio-Economic-Political Factors. Islam is not a monolithic entity how Muslim states/Muslims relate to the non-Muslim other depends a lot on their socio-economic-political factors. For example, poverty and undemocratic regimes are significant factors that can contribute to Islamic militancy. In Aceh (Indonesia) and Mindanao (Philippines), marginalized Muslim communities suffer acute deprivation and alienation vis-vis the post-colonial state dominated by the ethnic and religious minority (Rahim, 2003). Additionally, given the lack of democratic mechanisms in these regions, there are no means for legitimate and sufficient political representation thereby making Islamists act subversively. Undemocratic and draconian measures adopted by oppressive regimes to contain the radical Islamists will also exacerbate the threat rather than effectively reducing it. Instances of poverty as well as undemocratic regimes and draconian legislation among many other factors can contribute to the conditio ns fuelling Islamic Militancy.  [13]   American Foreign Policy. American foreign policy is also a significant variable in the surge of Islamic Militancy. Many argue that Islam is a religion of peace Islamic terrorism, however, is a product and response to American foreign policy. This sentiment is reflected upon Americas unconditional support for Israel in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict; the ubiquity of American troops in the Gulf; historical legacy of European colonialism; and terrorist attacks are a cumulative process of humiliating Arabs (for example, displacing Palestinians in their homelands; the Abu Ghraib Prison scandal; torture techniques used by the Bush administration). The rise of non-state actors such as Osama Bin Laden represents the Muslim and Arab worlds rage against American hegemony or simply arrogance/hubris (the so called Liberation Theology). Moreover, the double standards as exercised by the Americans in regards to supporting oppressive regimes so as to secure regional cooperation in the war against terrorism is seen as having veiled intent that the war against terrorism could be a war against Islam. American, it has been argued, should look into the causes and conditions that fuel Islamic rage that is, by reflecting upon its own foreign policies rather than blaming the other for the calamities that had happened thus far.  [14]   Drug Trafficking. Drug trade entered the murky scene of terrorism, in a big way, in Afghanistan during the Taliban operations using Afghanistan Pak axis. Initially, they justified the use of drug business as it was for a sacred cause and even convinced the clergy. However, gradually it became a part and parcel of their activities and drug mafias became big players in the venture and terrorist became synonymous of drug trafficker. Equally, the wide network created by the drug mafia was exploited by the terrorist outfits for their operations. As big money was involved politicians in Afghanistan and Pakistan were easily drawn into vicious circle. Drug trafficking provided the illegitimate money to fuel the Holy War Jihad across the globe. Conclusion Perhaps more important than ideological debates over the nature of Islamic history is the future of reform in Islam. Kepel (2002) suggested that Islamist terrorism does not, nor can it produce its intended goals and has become consumed with a fantasy of a world-wide triumph of radical Islam. Understanding the reasons for rise in fundamentalism in Islam and factors contributing to global terrorism, it is neigh important to take concrete measures against terrorism, else, we are likely to inherit aworld without peace to the coming generations. Fight those who believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, nor hold that forbidden which hath been forbidden by Allah and His Messenger, nor acknowledge the religion of Truth, (even if they are) of the People of the Book, until they pay the Jizya with willing submission, and feel themselves subdued. 33.29. Quran

Apa Essay on Sexual Harassment

Sexual Harassment Sexual harassment is a demeaning practice, one that constitutes a profound affront to the dignity of the employees forced to endure it. By requiring an employee to contend with unwelcome sexual actions or explicit sexual demands, sexual harassment in the workplace attacks the dignity and self-respect of the victim both as an employee and as a human being. Sexual harassment is well defined as an unwelcome sexual request for sexual favors and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. In many countries, sexual harassment is considered a form of sexual abuse and employment discrimination. Sexual harassment is most prevalent is organizations both professional and academic, though it can occur almost anywhere. Unfortunately, sexual harassment is a complicated issue that confronts employers and employees far too often in the workplace. It causes confusion and uncertainty which interferes with a productive working environment. Sexual harassment interferes with individuals work performance or creates an intimidating, hostile or offensive work environment results in poor performance and lack of motivation. Policies and facts Organizations should have a policy that will not cause any confusion. Men and women were using the same word to describe different behaviors may contribute to the continued existence of sexual harassment. But when a man thinks that sexual harassment only comes from a supervisor, he may feel free to make sexual comments to a female coworker. The female coworker is likely to see the sexual comments as a quest for power and label it as sexual harassment. There are facts that men are considerably less threatened by behaviors that women found harassing. They also found that men and were threatened by different things such as, whereas women were more threatened by behaviors that emphasized their sub ordinance, men were more bothered by behaviors that threatened their feeling of dominance. Sexual pressure was found by the most threatening behavior to men, and they felt threatened by behavior that had not been identified as threatening for females. Quid pro quo harassment occurs â€Å"when submission to or rejection of such unwelcome sexual conduct by an individual is used as the basis for employment decisions affecting such individual†. Hostile environment harassment, on the other hand, occurs when unwelcome sexual conduct causes the environment to become hostile, intimidating, or offensive, and unreasonably nterferes with an employee's or student's work. Quid pro quo harassment occurs where employment decisions or expectations are based on an employee’s willingness to grant or deny sexual favors; whereas a hostile environment is created where verbal or non-verbal behavior in the workplace that focuses on the sexuality of another person or occurs because of the person’s gender, a unwanted or unwelcome, and is severe or pervasive enough to affect th e person’s work environment. Many hostile environment harassment claims have nothing to do with speech, for instance when a harassment claim is based only on offensive physical touching or vandalism or discriminatory job assignments which have generally been seen as â€Å"harassment† rather than discrimination. When harassment claim it is based on generally unprotected speech such as threats or fighting words or slander. Factors contributing to determination in much time victims are the men and women tend to have a victim mentality to begin with. Bullying† is defined as repeated less favorable treatment of a staff member by another person or others which is considered unreasonable and inappropriate. It includes behavior which intimidates, offends, degrades, humiliates, undermines or threatens. Bullying may take place in private or in front of others. Whether or not the person responsible for the behavior intends to harm, the effect of the behavior is harmful. A single incident of bullying behavior i s unacceptable workplace behavior and should not be ignored or condoned. Bullying or other unacceptable behavior may also be a form of unlawful discrimination or harassment. Severe, â€Å"pervasive,† â€Å"hostile and â€Å"abusive† are mushy terms, as courts have specifically acknowledged. I'm not completely sure what it means to say that people have to say it’s bizarre. They might just have had a different notion of how offensive something must be to be â€Å"severe,† or how frequent it must be to be â€Å"pervasive. †Ã‚   Certainly courts have taken very different views of what these terms mean. Men Working or jokes about sexually graphic road signs to be â€Å"severe† or â€Å"pervasive† enough to create a hostile environment; but obviously other people, who probably thought themselves to be quite reasonable, have disagreed. When we judge a rule, we can't judge it simply by how we would apply it ourselves, or by the best-case scenario of how it could be applied. The United States Equal Employment Opportunity Commission states that prevention is the best tool to eliminate sexual harassment in the workplace. In 1997, the United States Supreme Court ruled in Knabe v Boury that companies must take action that is reasonably calculated to prevent harassment (â€Å"Facts Sheet† 2001). However, the responsibility also falls on victims to do their part to prevent harassment. This does not mean that the actual harassment is the fault of the victim, but rather that the victim has certain responsibilities in how they handle and respond to incidents of sexual harassment. These responsibilities include reporting the incident or incidents through proper channels as well as cooperating with investigations of sexual harassment. Sexual harassment in the workplace presents an ongoing and growing risk to businesses operating in the United States. Today, the time is right for businesses to begin to manage their risk in this area more wisely. Preventing sexual harassment in the workplace requires a considerable investment of time and personnel. In the end, however, these costs will be offset by significant savings in legal fees and health-care costs. Companies will also benefit from increased worker productivity. From a purely business perspective, a company only stands to gain if it takes a no-nonsense, hard-line position on sexual harassment. Not only is it the right thing to do, it is the smart thing to do. Reference American Psychological Association. Sexual Harassment Myths and Realities. Retrieved from http://all. net/games/sex/harass. html Equal Employment Opportunity Committee. (2002). Facts About Sexual Harassment. Retrieved from http://www. eeoc. gov/facts/fs-sex. html Sexual Harassment. (n. d. ). In Merriam-Webster online. Retrieved from http://www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/sexual%2Bharassment Shockwaves: The Global Impact of Sexual Harassment, Susan L. Webb, New York 1994. Retrieve from http://www1. umn. edu/humanrts/svaw/harassment/explore/1whatis. htm